{"id":57400,"date":"2025-04-29T23:32:02","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T21:32:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/?p=57400"},"modified":"2025-04-29T23:30:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T21:30:18","slug":"constructie-din-lemn-laminat-incrucisat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/constructie-din-lemn-laminat-incrucisat\/","title":{"rendered":"Avantajele \u0219i dezavantajele construc\u021biilor din lemn laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>C\u00e2nd apar pe pia\u021b\u0103 produse noi care promit economii sau beneficii pentru mediu, exist\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna un anumit entuziasm. Lemnul laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at (CLT) nu face excep\u021bie. A fost introdus pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een Europa \u00een 1994 \u0219i, de atunci, a c\u00e2\u0219tigat popularitate ca material alternativ pentru construc\u021bii \u00een alte p\u0103r\u021bi ale lumii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 mai multe avantaje \u0219i dezavantaje ale utiliz\u0103rii acestui material \u00een proiectele dvs. de construc\u021bii. Acest articol va explora \u00een detaliu ambele p\u0103r\u021bi ale dezbaterii, cu un accent special pe modul \u00een care acesta se raporteaz\u0103 la <a href=\"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/proiectarea-durabila-a-cladirilor\/\">construc\u021biile durabile<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Ce este lemnul laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/closeup-clt-cross-laminated-timber-beam.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxMjAwIDY3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjEyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLXU9Imh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZ3JlZW5idWlsZGluZ2V1cm9wZS5ldSUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyMiUyRjEwJTJGY2xvc2V1cC1jbHQtY3Jvc3MtbGFtaW5hdGVkLXRpbWJlci1iZWFtLmpwZyIgZGF0YS13PSIxMjAwIiBkYXRhLWg9IjY3NSIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+\" data-spai=\"1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-32691\" title=\"\" srcset=\" \" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Lemnul laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at (CLT) este fabricat prin \u00eembinarea unor foi de lemn masiv \u00een straturi perpendiculare, similar cu modul \u00een care se fabric\u0103 placajul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pl\u0103cile sau panourile din lemn laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at sunt fabricate din straturi de lemn t\u0103iat, dispuse la unghiuri de nou\u0103zeci de grade \u00eentre ele. Pl\u0103cile sunt formate dintr-un num\u0103r impar de straturi, \u00eencep\u00e2nd de la trei straturi pentru pl\u0103cile mai sub\u021biri (de obicei cinci optimi de inch) p\u00e2n\u0103 la pl\u0103ci de dou\u0103 inch, care sunt formate din cinci straturi de lemn. Piesele individuale sunt lipite \u00eentre ele \u0219i supuse presiunii pentru a se fixa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Orientarea straturilor individuale produce o plac\u0103 cu o rezisten\u021b\u0103 semnificativ\u0103 la trac\u021biune \u0219i compresiune \u0219i o rigiditate structural\u0103 excelent\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Speciile de lemn utilizate \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit \u00een fabricarea CLT sunt, \u00een general, specii de lemn moale, cum ar fi molid, pin, brad Douglas \u0219i larice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ini\u021bial salutat\u0103 ca \u00eenlocuitor ecologic pentru beton \u0219i o\u021bel, nu a durat mult p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd au ap\u0103rut \u00eentreb\u0103ri cu privire la beneficiile reale ale lemnului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sus\u021bin\u0103torii metodelor tradi\u021bionale de construc\u021bie din beton \u0219i o\u021bel au ridicat rapid probleme legate de cantitatea de carbon eliberat\u0103 de produc\u0103torii de CLT \u0219i de fabricile de cherestea atunci c\u00e2nd ard scoar\u021ba \u0219i alte de\u0219euri lemnoase \u00een timpul procesului de fabrica\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Practicile forestiere de a l\u0103sa ramuri \u0219i resturi de copaci pe teren pentru a fi arse sau l\u0103sate s\u0103 putrezeasc\u0103 au fost, de asemenea, semnalate ca fiind responsabile de eliberarea de carbon \u00een atmosfer\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0218i apoi mai este problema defri\u0219\u0103rilor, dar \u00een aceast\u0103 privin\u021b\u0103, echipa CLT pare s\u0103 aib\u0103 avantajul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cererea ridicat\u0103 de produse forestiere creeaz\u0103 un stimulent pentru \u00eengrijirea \u0219i dezvoltarea zonelor forestiere. La nivel mondial, \u021b\u0103rile cu un nivel ridicat de utilizare industrial\u0103 a lemnului sunt, \u00een general, \u021b\u0103rile cu un nivel mai sc\u0103zut de defri\u0219\u0103ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copacii absorb dioxidul de carbon pe tot parcursul vie\u021bii \u0219i \u00eel elibereaz\u0103 numai atunci c\u00e2nd sunt ar\u0219i sau mor. Carbonul este stocat \u00een cl\u0103dire prin recoltarea lemnului \u0219i producerea pl\u0103cilor CLT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u0103 \u00eencepem cu caracteristicile materialului care \u00eel fac o alegere excelent\u0103 pentru construc\u021bii. \u00cen acest moment, ar trebui s\u0103 v\u0103 spun c\u0103 \u00eemi place lemnul \u0219i c\u0103 CLT este unul dintre cele mai frumoase materiale de construc\u021bie pe care le-am \u00eent\u00e2lnit. Dar, continu\u00e2nd f\u0103r\u0103 prejudec\u0103\u021bi, iat\u0103 avantajele CLT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Avantajele lemnului laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/assembling-wall-panels-clt-house.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxMjAwIDY3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjEyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLXU9Imh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZ3JlZW5idWlsZGluZ2V1cm9wZS5ldSUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyMiUyRjEwJTJGYXNzZW1ibGluZy13YWxsLXBhbmVscy1jbHQtaG91c2UuanBnIiBkYXRhLXc9IjEyMDAiIGRhdGEtaD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLWJpcD0iIj48L3N2Zz4=\" data-spai=\"1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-32694\" title=\"\" srcset=\" \" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sustenabilitatea mediului<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>CLT consum\u0103 o cantitate mare de lemn \u0219i, la prima vedere, acest lucru ar avea un efect negativ asupra sustenabilit\u0103\u021bii, dar exist\u0103 alcuni factori de luat \u00een considerare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Deoarece sec\u021biunile de lemn necesare pentru construc\u021bia CLT sunt de dimensiuni mici, acest lucru permite ca un procent mai semnificativ din copacul recoltat s\u0103 fie transformat \u00een cherestea utilizabil\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pl\u0103cile laminate \u00eencruci\u0219at utilizeaz\u0103 sec\u021biuni de cherestea care, \u00een mod tradi\u021bional, ar fi fost aruncate ca fiind prea mici. Acest lucru face, de asemenea, viabil\u0103 recoltarea copacilor mai mici pentru fabricarea pl\u0103cilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u0103rirea copacilor mai mici \u0219i mai dens planta\u021bi reduce semnificativ riscul de incendii forestiere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copacii mai mici \u0219i mai dens planta\u021bi ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un combustibil, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t recoltarea lor nu numai c\u0103 joac\u0103 un rol pozitiv \u00een reducerea riscului de incendii forestiere, dar utilizeaz\u0103 \u0219i un material care nu avea valoare comercial\u0103 \u00een exploatarea forestier\u0103 tradi\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recoltarea controlat\u0103 a lemnului are un efect pozitiv asupra biodiversit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i habitatelor faunei s\u0103lbatice, reduc\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp riscul de incendii devastatoare. \u00cendep\u0103rtarea copacilor dens planta\u021bi permite dezvoltarea unei vegeta\u021bii mai variate \u0219i ofer\u0103 surse de hran\u0103 \u0219i ad\u0103post pentru fauna s\u0103lbatic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Timp de construc\u021bie mai scurt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Am discu\u021bii cu colegii mei din domeniul o\u021belului \u0219i betonului cu privire la aceast\u0103 calitate. Ei sus\u021bin c\u0103 timpul real de construc\u021bie \u00eencepe de la laminarea, formarea \u0219i t\u0103ierea pl\u0103cilor la dimensiuni. De\u0219i acest argument are o anumit\u0103 valoare, aspectul mai important este timpul petrecut pe \u0219antier, iar \u00een acest sens, CLT este mult mai rapid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2t de mult mai rapid depinde \u00een totalitate de parametrii de proiectare. Totu\u0219i, secven\u021ba de pl\u0103ci pre-t\u0103iate livrate \u00een ordinea corect\u0103 la data alocat\u0103 sun\u0103 aproape idealist. Realitatea este c\u0103 o echip\u0103 de patru p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u0219ase me\u0219teri poate instala peste zece mii de metri p\u0103tra\u021bi de cl\u0103dire pe zi folosind pl\u0103ci CLT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mai pu\u021bine de\u0219euri pe \u0219antier<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Panourile pre-t\u0103iate livrate la fa\u021ba locului duc la mult <a href=\"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/?p=12518\">mai pu\u021bine de\u0219euri<\/a>. Deschiderile sunt pre-t\u0103iate, iar orice de\u0219eu produs poate fi returnat produc\u0103torilor de panouri. Rezultatul este un \u0219antier mai curat, mai pu\u021bin zgomot, mai pu\u021bini muncitori la fa\u021ba locului \u0219i timpi de construc\u021bie mai rapizi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Datorit\u0103 faptului c\u0103 o mare parte din expertiza tehnic\u0103 este asigurat\u0103 de produc\u0103tori, echipa de pe \u0219antier poate utiliza muncitori locali mai pu\u021bin califica\u021bi. Acest lucru poate crea un scenariu favorabil pentru crearea de locuri de munc\u0103 \u00een zone cu \u0219omaj ridicat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dimensiunile pl\u0103cilor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>S-au f\u0103cut progrese importante \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te dimensiunile pl\u0103cilor disponibile, singura restric\u021bie fiind limitele impuse de transport. Pl\u0103cile au o grosime \u00eencep\u00e2nd de la 16 mm, dar pentru proiectele de construc\u021bii generale sunt disponibile grosimi de la 5 cm p\u00e2n\u0103 la 30 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u0103\u021bimea pl\u0103cilor poate ajunge p\u00e2n\u0103 la 3 m, iar lungimea p\u00e2n\u0103 la 16 m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dimensiunea tipic\u0103 a panourilor este de 2,4 m sau 3 m l\u0103\u021bime \u0219i 12,19 m lungime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rezisten\u021ba pl\u0103cilor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Construirea pl\u0103cilor CLT cu modele alternante ale fibrelor de lemn produce o plac\u0103 cu o rezisten\u021b\u0103 \u0219i stabilitate imense. Acest lucru \u00eel face un material ideal pentru deschideri mari, oferind \u00een acela\u0219i timp o rezisten\u021b\u0103 vertical\u0103 superioar\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Panourile CLT au o istorie excelent\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te rezisten\u021ba la evenimente seismice, ceea ce le face materialul de construc\u021bie ideal pentru zonele predispuse la activitate seismic\u0103. Testele efectuate \u00een Japonia au demonstrat c\u0103 o cl\u0103dire CLT cu \u0219apte etaje poate rezista la paisprezece evenimente seismice f\u0103r\u0103 daune semnificative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rezisten\u021ba la foc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>De\u0219i pare contraintuitiv, panourile CLT au performan\u021be excep\u021bionale \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te \u00eent\u00e2rzierea propag\u0103rii focului. Stratul exterior se comport\u0103 ca un material autoizolant \u0219i creeaz\u0103 o barier\u0103 de carbonizare, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t straturile interioare s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i poat\u0103 men\u021bine rezisten\u021ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Propriet\u0103\u021bile izolante ale pl\u0103cilor CLT duc la un transfer de c\u0103ldur\u0103 aproape nul de la partea carbonizat\u0103 a pl\u0103cii c\u0103tre partea opus\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Propriet\u0103\u021bi termice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Construc\u021bia din lemn masiv a pl\u0103cilor CLT contribuie la men\u021binerea temperaturii interne a cl\u0103dirii. Toleran\u021bele mai stricte impuse \u00een construc\u021biile CLT asigur\u0103, de asemenea, etan\u0219eitatea \u00eembin\u0103rilor sau, cel pu\u021bin, o potrivire perfect\u0103, iar pl\u0103cile mai mari asigur\u0103 un num\u0103r mai mic de \u00eembin\u0103ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toleran\u021bele ridicate ale construc\u021biilor CLT permit realizarea de cl\u0103diri cu o izolare excelent\u0103 \u00eempotriva curen\u021bilor de aer datorit\u0103 \u00eembin\u0103rilor mai str\u00e2nse. Economiile semnificative de energie sunt doar unul dintre avantajele acestei metode de construc\u021bie, un alt avantaj fiind reducerea cheltuielilor cu materialele izolante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Propriet\u0103\u021bi acustice<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pl\u0103cile CLT au calit\u0103\u021bi excelente de absorb\u021bie a sunetului \u0219i sunt materiale ideale pentru teatre \u0219i cinematografe. Cerin\u021bele stricte privind \u00eembin\u0103rile joac\u0103 un rol semnificativ \u00een reducerea zgomotului aerian \u0219i a zgomotului de impact. Acest lucru creeaz\u0103 un mediu acustic f\u0103r\u0103 ecou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Estetic<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lemnul are un aspect frumos, reconfortant, care aduce frumuse\u021bea naturii \u00een spa\u021biile noastre de locuit. Finisajul pl\u0103cilor CLT este propice aplic\u0103rii unei variet\u0103\u021bi de efecte decorative interioare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Dezavantajele lemnului laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/house-building-cross-laminated-timber.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxMjAwIDY3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjEyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLXU9Imh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZ3JlZW5idWlsZGluZ2V1cm9wZS5ldSUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyMiUyRjEwJTJGaG91c2UtYnVpbGRpbmctY3Jvc3MtbGFtaW5hdGVkLXRpbWJlci5qcGciIGRhdGEtdz0iMTIwMCIgZGF0YS1oPSI2NzUiIGRhdGEtYmlwPSIiPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-spai=\"1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-32692\" title=\"\" srcset=\" \" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u0103 analiz\u0103m c\u00e2teva aspecte mai pu\u021bin pozitive ale CLT. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, merit\u0103 s\u0103 re\u021binem c\u0103 schimbarea este perturbatoare, iar CLT aduce schimb\u0103ri considerabile \u00een metodele conservatoare de construc\u021bie. De asemenea, inova\u021bia produce o schimbare treptat\u0103; pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce sunt introduse metode \u0219i materiale alternative de construc\u021bie, acestea au un impact asupra pre\u021burilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Costuri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>CLT este \u00eenc\u0103 considerat scump. Cu toate acestea, trebuie s\u0103 analiz\u0103m ce constituie valoarea. Este vorba doar de bani sau ar trebui s\u0103 ad\u0103ug\u0103m \u0219i beneficiile pentru mediu, poten\u021bialul de ocupare a for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u0219i estetica?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2t valoreaz\u0103 reducerea emisiilor de gaze cu efect de ser\u0103? Dac\u0103 o cl\u0103dire de dimensiuni medii utilizeaz\u0103 lemn CLT ca parte a materialului de construc\u021bie, aceasta ar putea reduce poten\u021bialul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire global\u0103 a cl\u0103dirii cu 15-25%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copacii servesc ca absorban\u021bi gigantici de dioxid de carbon, iar carbonul r\u0103m\u00e2ne stocat \u00een lemnul lor. \u00cen acest fel, carbonul r\u0103m\u00e2ne stocat permanent pe durata de via\u021b\u0103 a produsului din lemn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Utilizarea lemnului laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at creeaz\u0103 un stimulent comercial mai mare pentru plantarea copacilor. Astfel, \u00een loc de defri\u0219\u0103ri, asist\u0103m la o cre\u0219tere a utiliz\u0103rii terenurilor pentru p\u0103duri gestionate \u00een mod durabil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ace\u0219ti factori trebuie s\u0103 joace un rol \u00een evaluarea costurilor reale ale construc\u021biilor din CLT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prime de asigurare<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>O parte din cre\u0219terea treptat\u0103 a popularit\u0103\u021bii construc\u021biilor CLT a dus la evaluarea \u0219i ajustarea restric\u021biilor din codurile de construc\u021bie pentru cl\u0103dirile construite cu CLT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen concordan\u021b\u0103 cu evolu\u021bia restric\u021biilor din codurile de construc\u021bie, s-a schimbat \u0219i opinia asiguratorilor cu privire la construc\u021biile CLT. Istoricul este principiul fundamental care ghideaz\u0103 asiguratorii \u0219i, prin urmare, istoria relativ scurt\u0103 a construc\u021biilor CLT nu este pe placul acestora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acest lucru cre\u0219te primele de asigurare pentru cl\u0103dirile care utilizeaz\u0103 lemn laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at, ceea ce duce la cre\u0219terea costurilor. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce popularitatea materialului cre\u0219te, diferen\u021ba dintre costurile asigurate ale unei cl\u0103diri tradi\u021bionale \u0219i ale unei cl\u0103diri CLT va diminua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Instalarea utilit\u0103\u021bilor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pere\u021bii construi\u021bi din CLT nu au cavit\u0103\u021bi care s\u0103 permit\u0103 instalarea u\u0219oar\u0103 a instala\u021biilor sanitare \u0219i electrice. Acest lucru necesit\u0103 o planificare atent\u0103 \u0219i are un impact asupra costurilor totale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trebuie prev\u0103zute podele \u0219i tavane care s\u0103 permit\u0103 instalarea conductelor \u0219i cablurilor. Panourile verticale trebuie s\u0103 fie decupate pentru a permite instalarea conductelor \u0219i cablurilor sau trebuie ad\u0103ugate pere\u021bi desp\u0103r\u021bitori u\u0219ori pentru a ascunde conductele \u0219i cablurile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Costuri de livrare mai mari<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Livrarea de la locurile de produc\u021bie CLT genereaz\u0103 costuri substan\u021biale \u0219i face construc\u021bia cu un singur etaj relativ scump\u0103. Costurile de livrare devin mai u\u0219or de gestionat \u00een cazul cl\u0103dirilor cu mai multe etaje, unde volumul materialelor livrate este mai mare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Limite la modific\u0103rile ulterioare construc\u021biei<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Construc\u021bia CLT necesit\u0103 toleran\u021be semnificativ mai stricte. Planificarea \u0219i detaliile trebuie s\u0103 fie la un nivel mai ridicat, ceea ce poate crea \u00eent\u00e2rzieri \u00een produc\u021bie \u0219i livrare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planificarea mai elaborat\u0103 duce la unele caracteristici restrictive \u00een construc\u021bie \u0219i nu este u\u0219or s\u0103 se aduc\u0103 modific\u0103ri proiectului odat\u0103 ce construc\u021bia a \u00eenceput.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0103trunderea umidit\u0103\u021bii<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Con\u021binutul de umiditate al CLT trebuie s\u0103 fie cuprins \u00eentre 9 \u0219i 15%. Pl\u0103cile CLT trebuie protejate de intemperii \u00een timpul livr\u0103rii \u0219i construc\u021biei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De\u0219i adezivul din pl\u0103cile CLT este impermeabil, orice absorb\u021bie de ap\u0103 de c\u0103tre pl\u0103ci poate duce la apari\u021bia mucegaiului \u0219i a putregaiului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infesta\u021bia cu insecte<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>De\u0219i se pare c\u0103 parametrii de umiditate pentru CLT exclud infesta\u021bia cu insecte \u00een regiunile subtropicale, acest lucru nu este \u00eentotdeauna valabil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Un studiu recent realizat de Universitatea din Tennessee a constatat c\u0103, prin tratarea pl\u0103cilor cu vid cu o solu\u021bie de borat, s-a \u00eenregistrat o penetrare bun\u0103, care ar rezista la unele infest\u0103ri de insecte, dar nu \u0219i la atacul termitelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>CLT este utilizat \u00een principal ca material interior, ceea ce reduce riscul de atac al termitelor. Cu toate acestea, cl\u0103dirile care utilizeaz\u0103 CLT trebuie s\u0103 respecte m\u0103surile de combatere a termitelor subterane, \u00een cazul \u00een care lemnul poate fi expus la riscul de infestare cu termite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Rezumat<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ceiling-clt-house.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxMjAwIDY3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjEyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLXU9Imh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGZ3JlZW5idWlsZGluZ2V1cm9wZS5ldSUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyMiUyRjEwJTJGY2VpbGluZy1jbHQtaG91c2UuanBnIiBkYXRhLXc9IjEyMDAiIGRhdGEtaD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLWJpcD0iIj48L3N2Zz4=\" data-spai=\"1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-32693\" title=\"\" srcset=\" \" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Capacitatea de a construi \u00een mod durabil trebuie s\u0103 fie o prioritate pentru to\u021bi cei preocupa\u021bi de calitatea mediului pe care \u00eel l\u0103s\u0103m \u00een urm\u0103 genera\u021biilor viitoare. De\u0219i aspectul vizual al interiorului CLT r\u0103m\u00e2ne o preferin\u021b\u0103 personal\u0103, arunca\u021bi o privire la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dezeen.com\/2021\/11\/13\/homes-cross-laminated-timber-interiors-lookbooks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acest site<\/a> pentru c\u00e2teva exemple de ceea ce se poate realiza cu CLT pentru case familiale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deci, ce am \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat din CLT?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 c\u00e2teva concluzii pe care le pot \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219i despre CLT. Probabil cea mai important\u0103 lec\u021bie a fost \u201edac\u0103 doar\u201d. Niciodat\u0103 nu poate fi suficient\u0103 planificarea \u00een etapele ini\u021biale. Construc\u021bia CLT se bazeaz\u0103 pe asamblarea pieselor cu toleran\u021be stricte. Dac\u0103 exist\u0103 o lec\u021bie de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat, aceasta este s\u0103 planifica\u021bi c\u00e2t mai atent posibil \u0219i apoi s\u0103 verifica\u021bi din nou lucrarea pentru a v\u0103 asigura c\u0103 totul este \u00een ordine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Viteza \u0219i silen\u021biozitatea procesului de construc\u021bie CLT sunt mai mult dec\u00e2t impresionante. Economiile de timp asociate acestui material de construc\u021bie nu sunt exagerate, a\u0219a c\u0103 fi\u021bi preg\u0103ti\u021bi pentru ca lucrurile s\u0103 se mi\u0219te pu\u021bin mai repede dec\u00e2t anticipa\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Secven\u021ba de ridicare este esen\u021bial\u0103 \u0219i trebuie planificat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een cele mai mici detalii. Nu numai c\u0103 macaralele de \u0219antier sunt scumpe, dar rezisten\u021ba integral\u0103 a cl\u0103dirii depinde de structura complet\u0103, a\u0219a c\u0103 asigura\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 secven\u021ba dvs. ia \u00een considerare solicit\u0103rile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0218i, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, de\u0219i flexibilitatea \u00een proiectare este limitat\u0103 \u00een construc\u021biile CLT, aceasta permite proprietarilor s\u0103 se mute \u00een casa finalizat\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 realizeze singuri amenajarea interioar\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e2nd apar pe pia\u021b\u0103 produse noi care promit economii sau beneficii pentru mediu, exist\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna un anumit entuziasm. Lemnul laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at (CLT) nu face excep\u021bie. A fost introdus pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een Europa \u00een 1994 \u0219i, de atunci, a c\u00e2\u0219tigat [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":44378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[2011],"tags":[2013],"class_list":["post-57400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materiale-de-constructii-ecologice","tag-materiale-de-constructii"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/cdn.shortpixel.ai\/spai\/q_lossy+ret_img+to_webp\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/timber-office-building-cross-laminated-timber.jpg",1400,933,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/cdn.shortpixel.ai\/spai\/q_lossy+ret_img+to_webp\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/timber-office-building-cross-laminated-timber-50x50.jpg",50,50,true],"medium":["https:\/\/cdn.shortpixel.ai\/spai\/q_lossy+ret_img+to_webp\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/timber-office-building-cross-laminated-timber-230x153.jpg",230,153,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/cdn.shortpixel.ai\/spai\/q_lossy+ret_img+to_webp\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/timber-office-building-cross-laminated-timber-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/cdn.shortpixel.ai\/spai\/q_lossy+ret_img+to_webp\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/timber-office-building-cross-laminated-timber-1024x682.jpg",1024,682,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/cdn.shortpixel.ai\/spai\/q_lossy+ret_img+to_webp\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/timber-office-building-cross-laminated-timber.jpg",1400,933,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/cdn.shortpixel.ai\/spai\/q_lossy+ret_img+to_webp\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/timber-office-building-cross-laminated-timber.jpg",1400,933,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Mike Lillyman","author_link":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/author\/mike-lillyman\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"C\u00e2nd apar pe pia\u021b\u0103 produse noi care promit economii sau beneficii pentru mediu, exist\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna un anumit entuziasm. Lemnul laminat \u00eencruci\u0219at (CLT) nu face excep\u021bie. A fost introdus pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een Europa \u00een 1994 \u0219i, de atunci, a c\u00e2\u0219tigat [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57400","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57400"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57400\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenbuildingeurope.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}